Over the years I have battled Squirrels, Gophers, Rats, Moles, Voles and the occasional Rabbit but now a full-fledged war is on!

The mild weather and late spring rains have created a huge population of rodents in the S.F. Bay Area. Add to that the depletion of natural predators and we have a big problem on our hands.

Rabbits aren’t just in the wildlands anymore they are creeping into lots of urban areas and have been nibbling a perfectly trimmed skirt around shrubs, ruining lawns and decimating flower beds.

With Gophers eating the roots and Deer browsing the tops, some areas have become very frustrating garden spots.

If you have a fence for the deer then adding aviary wire along the base will help keep Rabbits out. The wire needs to be buried 18″-24″ along the base of the deer fence.

Deer repellent also works for Rabbits, so that can help, if they haven’t taken over the garden. Repellents should be re-applied regularly to have an effect. Some commercially available sprays are shown below (sorry for the blurry pics!)
Inside the fencing the Rabbits need to be trapped and moved out into the open space areas.

Gophers are also taking off and we now routinely use galvanized aviary baskets to plant new plants in, but make sure the wire extends up high enough so they don’t dive over the edge into the root ball! Extend wire 3-4″ out of the soil to thwart Gophers.

I noticed the landscape crews are building the baskets too small. The baskets should be bigger than the root ball! At least 5-6″ on all sides and 16-18″ for trees. The bottoms of the root balls can sit on the wire of the cage. Shown above are some prefab. wire baskets- pretty expensive if you need a bunch.

I have a blog showing how to make wire baskets from rolls of aviary wire. Here is a link:

If you build your own use galvanized aviary wire or small square steel mesh which comes in rolls. Notice the drawing above does not show having the wire extend up above the ground- this is a mistake! Don’t want those little buggers to climb over the edge! I usually make the baskets a canoe shape pinching the ends to close or a tube shape and pinch the bottom to close them. Be sure and pack the soil in well all around the root ball to avoid air gaps. Roots die when they hit air pockets.

Eventually the wire does rust out. So trapping in tandem with baskets is a good idea. There is also a pretty good pellet drop tool for poisoning them. Not so great for wildlife and cats though!

I have a resource for information on Deer and Rodent Damage plus an extensive Deer List of plants Deer avoid eating and sometimes Rabbits in the Ebook section of this website. Click the link below to go to the page.

There is no sure thing with Deer or other pests but the damage can be kept down by taking a few precautionary measures. I keep experimenting to find what works.

One of the key things we have found with these pests is that herbs and aromatic plants i.e. lavender, rosemary, sage- seem to be something that Rabbits and Deer don’t like. It’s not fool proof though, when hungry enough they will eat almost anything.
At least these are plants that are good for humans and bees plus are low water requiring for the most part!

Tree Squirrels and Rats are also an issue. They eat bark off trees, your fruit and the tips of branches just as they bud out. They are impossible to control and the best solution is a really good hunting cat (or a pack of them). Dogs help a bit but can’t get up high enough to be a real threat.

They are way out of control in terms of population size so trying to dissuade them from living in your attic or nesting in dense foliage is a definitely called for. Covering trees with bird netting or mesh doesn’t work for these guys at all. Best to plant fruit trees away from powerlines, fence lines and other adjacent trees and roofs. An Arborist friend pointed out that the powerlines are the Squirrel highways! I have resorted to planting fruit trees in front yards rather than back yards near fences and power lines to help keep down the Squirrel damage to trees and fruit. This has worked on some properties. It would be the opposite for properties with power lines and fences in the front yards.

Trim back vines on fences at least once a year to keep the vines from forming a dense nesting area. Prune back ivy and star jasmine that is used as a ground cover every 2-3 years to avoid Rat nesting pockets in the area.

We used to not have such an extreme issue and could share the fruit with animals but with the drought, warming climate and absence of predators to control rodents, growing fruits and vegetables has become quite frustrating.

I still try though and enjoy the trees and plants even when the animals cause issues. Some years I win the war and get some fruit!